20 April 2026

Organization of the threat monitoring system.

 

Figure 3.2.2.Monitoring, warning, and alerting system for threats[1].

 

Monitoring

is a systematic observation conducted at specific points or areas to detect threats or to determine changes in the level of that threat.

The task is carried out by Ministers, heads of offices designated as responsible entities in the Task Plan regarding threat monitoring, and voivodes.

The purpose of the monitoring task is:

   1. Detection and recognition of threats, enabling immediate determination of increased threat levels

2. Warning and alerting the population (Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland)

3. Initiating response procedures

4. Developing assessments of the threat level and preparing protective action recommendations

5. Implementing obligations of the Republic of Poland arising from ratified agreements, treaties, and international arrangements regarding observation, measurements, analysis, forecasting, and notification of threats

 

Threat

to operational activities for the efficient functioning of the system is:

1. Lack of proper coordination and overlapping competencies of various institutions responsible for monitoring threats

2. Inadequate cooperation among involved institutions (questioning the reliability of information, delays in transmitting it, lack of permanent contact points, outdated contact data, etc.)

3. Inaccurate information obtained from monitoring, mutually exclusive information from different sources

4. Use of various forms of reports (documents) hindering comparisons and analyses

5. Lack of systematic information transmission, non-compliance with established information transmission procedures

6. Limiting to brief information, lack of in-depth analyses and forecasts of the situation's development

7. Lack of qualified personnel and stress resulting from situational pressure

8. Absence of internal procedures necessary to ensure continuity of operations in the event of an internal crisis in the institution

9. Organizational and technical difficulties (equipment shortages and failures, lack of premises, power supply, communication, devices, and reagents for conducting tests, etc.)

 

Organization of actions

1. All threats indicated in the safety grid of the crisis management plan are subject to monitoring

2. Threat monitoring systems should operate continuously

3. Data on the threat level are obtained, among others, from:

  • measurement stations located throughout the country
  • laboratory tests
  • analysis of available database resources
  • ground and satellite systems for observing air and maritime space
  • analysis of events and processes that may affect the level of safety
  • cooperating foreign systems and databases

4. Information about the threat obtained from ongoing monitoring is transmitted to:

  • the appropriate authorities for the type of threat identified as leading entities in the response phase
  • duty officers of crisis management centers territorially competent for the location (area) of the threat
  • the duty officer of the Government Security Center
  • cooperating foreign entities, in accordance with obligations accepted by the relevant authorities of the Republic of Poland

5. The responsible entities listed in the Task Plan regarding threat monitoring are accountable for the functioning of the monitoring system, including work organization, scope of tasks performed, and the mode of informing about threats

6. The system's operation in the voivodeship is directed by the voivode

 

Current support

1. In a crisis situation, heads of teams responsible for monitoring decide on increasing team staffing and their mode of operation

2. Public administration authorities responsible for resolving the crisis situation (leading entities) are obliged to agree with the heads of institutions conducting monitoring (according to the type and level of threat specified in the Plan) the scope, mode, and method of transmitting information about the threat, ensuring their ability to take preemptive actions and continuity of information flow during the threat period

3. Possibility of using the Regional Warning System.

 

 

Additional options in the event of CBRN threats occurring – after the declaration of a state of emergency

1. To prevent the effects of a natural disaster, technical failure, or terrorist actions that could cause chemical, biological, or radioactive contamination

2. Functioning autonomously detection systems for contamination and alerting about contamination include:

  • the detection system for contamination of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland – supervised by the Minister of National Defence
  • networks and systems for epidemiological surveillance and control of infectious diseases in the country and national contact points for international health threat surveillance systems – supervised by the minister responsible for health
  • the system of early detection of radioactive contamination stations and facilities conducting measurements of radioactive contamination, coordinated by the President of the National Atomic Energy Agency
  • supervised by the voivodes, regional detection and alarm systems, and regional early warning systems for threats
  • systems for epizootic and phytosanitary surveillance, supervision of the safety of animal products and feed, and supervision of agri-food products – supervised by the ministers responsible for agriculture and agricultural markets and health

3. They transition to operational mode within the uniform National Contamination Detection and Alarm System (KSWSiA), coordinated by the Minister of National Defence

4. The operational mode within KSWSiA is initiated by the Minister of National Defence on his own initiative or at the request of the minister responsible for:

  • internal affairs
  • health
  • public administration
  • agriculture
  • agricultural markets
  • rural development
  • maritime economy
  • environment
  • water economy

5. The threat monitoring systems within KSWSiA ensure mutual interoperability, particularly by using:

  • the same methodologies and procedures for observation and measurement of contamination
  • the same formats for reports and information on contamination
  • identical procedures for transmitting reports and information on contamination
  • a uniform scheme for the circulation and exchange of information on contamination

6. Information obtained within KSWSiA is transmitted to the appropriate authorities for the type of threat indicated as leading entities in the response phase

7. The detailed organization, tasks, and principles of information exchange are defined by the Cooperation Plan of the organizational units within the uniform National Contamination Detection and Alarm System, which is held by the entities responsible for the operation of individual systems

 

Budget for the task

1. The operation of threat monitoring systems is financed from state budget funds at the disposal of the minister, head of the central office, and the voivode responsible for the system

2. In the case of insufficient own financial resources – proceed according to SPO-2 contained in the Plan (Activation of additional financial resources)[2].

 

 

Ł.K.

[1]National Crisis Management Plan, Update 2019 part B, Organization of the threat monitoring, warning, and alerting system, p.164

[2]National Crisis Management Plan, Update 2019 part B,Organization of the threat monitoring, warning, and alerting system, p. 165-167

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